DrNote Library

Vascular Medicine

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Vascular MedicineAbdominal Aortic Aneurysm in AdultsAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is permanent dilation of the abdominal aorta, conventionally defined as a maximum infrarenal diameter ≥3.0 cm. Most AAAs are asymptomatic and are detected by screening or incidental ima…13 min read
Vascular MedicineAcute Limb IschemiaAcute limb ischemia (ALI) is a sudden reduction in arterial perfusion that threatens limb viability, conventionally with symptoms present for less than 2 weeks. The clinical priority is not to prove the exact cause be…12 min read
Vascular MedicineAcute Mesenteric IschemiaAcute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is abrupt intestinal hypoperfusion severe enough to threaten bowel viability. The major mechanisms are superior mesenteric arterial embolism, acute arterial thrombosis, non-occlusive me…11 min read
Vascular MedicineCarotid Artery Stenosis in AdultsAtherosclerotic extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis is an important preventable cause of retinal and cerebral ischemia. The first decision is whether the lesion is symptomatic: ipsilateral transient monocula…15 min read
Vascular MedicineChronic Venous Disease of the Lower LimbsChronic venous disease (CVD) of the lower limbs comprises symptoms and signs caused by sustained venous hypertension from superficial or deep venous reflux, venous outflow obstruction, calf-muscle-pump dysfunction, or…15 min read
Vascular MedicineDeep Vein ThrombosisDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is thrombus within the deep venous system, most often in the lower extremity. The immediate threat is pulmonary embolism (PE); longer-term risks include recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE…16 min read
Vascular MedicinePeripheral Artery DiseaseLower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is atherosclerotic or thrombotic obstruction of arteries supplying the legs. It is both a limb disorder and a marker of systemic vascular disease, with increased risk of…13 min read