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DrNote Library
Gastroenterology
10 articles
- GastroenterologyAcute CholangitisAcute cholangitis is bacterial infection of an obstructed biliary system. The combination of biliary obstruction, rising intraductal pressure, and bacterial contamination can rapidly cause bacteremia, sepsis, and mult…18 min read
- GastroenterologyAcute Liver FailureAcute liver failure (ALF) is a rapidly evolving syndrome of severe hepatic dysfunction in a person without established cirrhosis, characterized by acute liver injury, coagulopathy—commonly INR ≥1.5—and hepatic encepha…14 min read
- GastroenterologyAcute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in AdultsAcute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) usually presents with hematochezia, maroon stool, or passage of blood and clots per rectum. The immediate priorities are hemodynamic stabilization, identification of patien…20 min read
- GastroenterologyAcute PancreatitisAcute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory injury of the pancreas with a clinical spectrum ranging from a short, self-limited illness to necrotizing pancreatitis with persistent multiorgan failure. Diagnosis requires…17 min read
- GastroenterologyCeliac DiseaseCeliac disease is a chronic immune-mediated small-intestinal enteropathy triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible people. Presentations range from diarrhea and weight loss to iron deficiency, low bone density, e…12 min read
- GastroenterologyChronic PancreatitisChronic pancreatitis is a fibroinflammatory pancreatic syndrome in which persistent injury produces irreversible structural damage, pain, ductal obstruction, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), diabetes, and loca…12 min read
- GastroenterologyCirrhosis and Portal HypertensionCirrhosis is advanced chronic liver disease with architectural distortion, portal hypertension, impaired hepatic function, and systemic circulatory dysfunction. Clinical management is organized around disease stage: c…17 min read
- GastroenterologyGastroesophageal Reflux Disease in AdultsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is present when reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications. The core problem is failure of the antireflux barrier at the esoph…29 min read
- GastroenterologyHelicobacter pylori Infection in AdultsHelicobacter pylori is a chronic gastric infection that causes active gastritis and is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Once…37 min read
- GastroenterologyUpper Gastrointestinal BleedingUpper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is bleeding arising proximal to the ligament of Treitz. It most commonly presents with hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, melena, or—when brisk—hematochezia with hemodynamic inst…22 min read