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Infectious Disease
13 articles
- Infectious DiseaseAcute Bacterial MeningitisAcute bacterial meningitis is infection-driven inflammation of the leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It can progress over hours to sepsis, shock, cerebral edema, seizures, raised intracranial pressure, hern…19 min read
- Infectious DiseaseAcute Pyelonephritis in AdultsAcute pyelonephritis is bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma and collecting system, usually caused by ascending infection from the lower urinary tract. Fever, flank pain, costovertebral-angle tenderness, pyuria…13 min read
- Infectious DiseaseCellulitis and Erysipelas in AdultsCellulitis is an acute, spreading bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue; erysipelas generally refers to a more superficial infection with prominent lymphatic involvement and a more sharply demarcat…19 min read
- Infectious DiseaseClostridioides difficile InfectionClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is toxin-mediated colitis that usually follows disruption of the intestinal microbiota by antibiotics. Diagnosis requires a compatible clinical syndrome plus appropriate microb…14 min read
- Infectious DiseaseCommunity-Acquired PneumoniaCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma acquired outside the hospital setting. In adults, diagnosis generally requires a compatible acute respiratory syndrome plus a new pu…15 min read
- Infectious DiseaseDiabetes-Related Foot InfectionDiabetes-related foot infection (DFI) is a clinical diagnosis made when a foot wound or adjacent tissue in a person with diabetes has local or systemic inflammatory features. Microbial growth from an ulcer does not by…17 min read
- Infectious DiseaseHerpes Zoster in AdultsHerpes zoster is reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV), usually producing unilateral neuropathic pain followed by grouped vesicles in one or two adjacent dermatomes. The rash usually does not cross the m…12 min read
- Infectious DiseaseHIV Infection in AdultsHIV is a chronic retroviral infection that progressively depletes and dysregulates CD4 T lymphocytes unless viral replication is durably suppressed. Modern ART transforms HIV into a manageable chronic disease for most…30 min read
- Infectious DiseaseInfective EndocarditisInfective endocarditis (IE) is microbial infection of the endocardial surface, usually involving a native or prosthetic valve or intracardiac device. Major hazards are acute valve failure, periannular extension, persi…14 min read
- Infectious DiseaseNative Vertebral Osteomyelitis in AdultsNative vertebral osteomyelitis (NVO), also called infectious spondylodiscitis or discitis-osteomyelitis, is infection of a vertebral body/endplate with frequent spread into the adjacent disc and paraspinal or epidural…16 min read
- Infectious DiseaseSyphilis in AdultsSyphilis is a systemic infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Clinical disease is staged as primary, secondary, latent, or tertiary, but neurologic, ocular, and otic involvement can occur at any stage. Diagnosis gene…15 min read
- Infectious DiseaseTuberculosis: Infection and Active DiseaseTuberculosis exists on a spectrum from TB infection without clinical disease to microbiologically or clinically active disease. A positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) or tuberculin skin test (TST) indicates…30 min read
- Infectious DiseaseUrinary Tract Infections in AdultsUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a symptomatic infection of the bladder, upper urinary tract, or related urinary structures. The first bedside decision is whether illness is localized to the bladder or represents syst…14 min read